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If your just learning about your camera then chances are you would have taken one look at the top of your camera and would have immediately became confused, however you don’t need to worry as i’m going to explain what each and every one of these camera modes does.




Automatic ([])

The automatic button really doesn’t need much of an introduction as you can probably guess by the name what it does.  The automatic button allows your camera to set all of your camera options “automatically” to produce the exposure that it thinks is correct.

Automatic mode doesn’t allow you to set the shutter speed, aperture, ISO or even the flash which often pops up and ruins your photos.  If you don’t know how to use your camera and start shooting in this mode I would advise against it as it won’t help you one bit and your images will more than likely come out terrible.

Program Mode (P)

The program mode is a mode for beginners to start to understand their cameras.  Program mode is similar to automatic in the way that it allows the camera to make the decision on which settings to use to correct the exposure.  Once the settings are selected you can easily change them for example if the camera thinks that the correct shutter speed would be 1/200 of a second but you think this is too slow then you can change it so it gives you a shutter speed of 1/400.

If you don’t know much about cameras I would recommend using this mode to start off with.

Aperture Priority (AV, A)

Aperture priority is a mode in which you set the aperture while the shutter speed will be automatically set for you to give the correct exposure.  This mode is useful when you want to achieve a certain depth of field, for example if you wanted a shallow depth of field (not much in focus) then you could set the aperture to your lenses lowest amount and if you wanted a wide depth of field you could set it to its highest aperture value.

Shutter Priority (TV)

Shutter priority is similar to aperture priority, this time however you only set the shutter speed and the rest is done for you.  This mode is useful when you want to tell the camera that you only want to shoot photos at a certain speed and not any lower.

Manual (M)

Once you have learnt how to use your camera you will want to be shooting in manual mode as much as possible.  While in manual mode you are able to change all of the settings as you see fit.  Aperture, ISO, Shutter speed and white balance settings can all be change to create the image you’re looking for.

Learning to shoot in manual will help you understand photography in greater detail and will allow you to produce good consistent shots each and every time.

Some commonly used terms :

What is aperture?



Aperture is the term used to describe what is simply the hole in the lens that light travels through to reach the camera’s sensor or film. This hole can be set at different sizes, and combined with shutter speed, you get the two main settings which control exposure. There is some maths involved to get the actual values, but to be honest, that doesn’t really matter. What’s more important is to know what aperture is, and what happens when you change it. Getting your head round aperture can be a bit of a hurdle, so hopefully this will help a little bit.

What is Shutter ?

Open/close


The shutter is a mechanical or electro-mechanical device which opens and closes a defined aperture to allow light to enter a camera to expose film or to allow an image to be recorded on digital media electronically. Shutters can also be used to control the exposure (the time they are open) to ensure the proper amount of light enters the system. Shutters can also be used to switch lasers, control the amount of light that is placed on a sample within a microscope, control x-rays, cut off light to protect sensitive equipment, etc.

Landscape Photography Subjects:

Flowing Water

If a river or stream flows through the landscape you are shooting, think about the character of it and how to convey that character in the image. A big, slow river looks and feels different from a fast-moving mountain stream. The water can be the center of interest in the image, or it can serve as an element in your composition—as a diagonal or other leading line, as a horizontal line, or as a shape that complements other elements in the frame.

Look carefully for reflections in the water. You can use some reflections to enhance the image—the colors of reflected autumn leaves, for instance—but others may just be distracting. You may have to move around a bit to include or eliminate them, or return when the sun is at a different angle. Use a polarizing filter to eliminate some of the reflection and increase contrast; rotate it until you have the effect you want.

Forests

Photographing forests presents a different set of challenges. First, think about the character of the forest you want to shoot and the feeling you want to convey in your image. Should it feel dark and brooding, or light and airy? Are there any special features that will help express how you feel about it?

As with any photograph, find a point of interest. It might be one slightly different tree trunk, a path winding through, or a splash of color on a flowering vine. Whatever it is, compose in such a way to lead the viewer to it. Look for shafts of light penetrating the canopy or one spot on the forest floor directly lit by the sun.

Whether you are shooting toward a forest or shooting from inside it, look for patterns, lines, and other compositional elements you can use. Try both wide and telephoto lenses. A wide lens looking up at the trees will make them soar; a telephoto will compress a row of trunks. Lie down and look straight up through the branches; climb a tree to look down the path.

Plains and Prairies

Wide-open spaces such as plains and prairies are among the hardest landscapes of all to photograph well because often they lack an obvious point of interest. In most cases, the huge scope of the scene is one of the things you're trying to communicate. Even so, remember that viewers need something on which to focus. Look for an element peculiar to that place and use it as a point of interest that says something about the scene and imparts a sense of scale. You don't want the viewer's eyes to wander aimlessly around the frame, so use whatever might be available to lead him into the image—a winding road, a stream, or a fence line, for example.

Like every forest, every plain has its own personality, so hunt around until you have found an angle and composition that reflect it. What is the most important feature of this particular place? Think about the sky. Do you want a lot or a little of it? A clear blue sky might best reflect the character of one plain, a brewing storm another. Remember the rule of thirds. If the sky is important, place the horizon along the bottom third division of the frame. If it is not, put it along the upper third.

Deserts

Look for ways to show the rugged nature and the beauty of deserts. In the middle of the day, find waves caused by the heat. Using a long lens to compress them, you'll get dramatic shots that really say "hot." Deserts are also great places for pictures of stars. There is no humidity, and usually no terrestrial lights to interfere, so stars seem more numerous and are unusually brilliant. Watch the way the color of the sand changes throughout the day with the angle of the sun. Think about ways to capture the characteristics of the desert. A wide shot might best portray one desert, while a close-up of one plant struggling to survive on the side of a dune might best represent another.

Think about including the sun in your photograph—it's one sure way to say hot and harsh. But shooting the sun is tricky. On a clear day, the sun is so bright that your camera's meter will tend to underexpose everything else in the frame. Shoot in manual mode, or take a reading without the sun in frame, depressing the shutter button halfway to hold the exposure, then reframe before you shoot. If you're shooting film, bracket a lot to make sure of getting the exposure you want. With a digital camera, check the images as you shoot. Wide-angle lenses tend to work best because the blown-out sun takes up less of the image, but they are susceptible to lens flare. The advantage of SLRs is that you can see the flare when you frame the image.

Seacoasts

Consider these different scenes: a tranquil tropic isle with turquoise water lapping at a white, sandy beach; storm waves pounding a rocky New England shore; a densely packed vacation beach. What kind of shore are you photographing, and how can you best convey it? What time of day, what kind of weather, and what season is most appropriate for showing its character? These are the kinds of questions to ask yourself while scouting for the right vantage point and composition before shooting. Every shoreline is different in some way. Show the difference in your images.

Once you have thought about the character of the shore, look for elements you can use to reinforce the feeling you're after. Palm trees make a good frame for a tropical beach; a spray of water shooting over rocks adds drama to a rugged coastal scene. As in the desert, be careful about sand. If it's windy, be sure to protect your camera and lenses from blowing sand. Don't open the camera back unless you are in an area that is well sheltered.

Mountains

Are the mountains you're shooting rugged or worn, threatening or enchanting? What feeling do you get from them? Look for elements that will reinforce your feeling and convey it to the viewer. What composition, angle, light, and weather seem most appropriate? Look for the telling details that reflect the spirit of the mountains, too.

Lets share tips and tricks you use to take better photos.

You always hear from people saying " I cannot take good pictures "

Where is the problem ?

We can definitely help you to sort this thing out.

Lets start sharing some common examples and tips on how to make it perfect.

Some common questions:-

-What Is SLR CAMERA ? (http://punjabijanta.com/knowledge/understanding-d-slr-camera/)
-What are different Modes on D-SLR camera ? - (http://punjabijanta.com/pics/dslr-camera-modes/)

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mei v sochda ek addi buy karliye ah wali

but people from any other state can buy land in Punjab>>>I know a family from Rajasthan they bought property in Punjab and other family from Maharashtra they purchased land recently>>>I dont know about the laws but I am saying based on stories I heard from people's personal experiences

Its a state law
Apne apne state da law hai

Do you know
BADAL owns WILSON SECURITY and WILSON PARKING in whole melbourne ?

Kisde paise ne eh ?

Punjabis = People who are born in punjab .

Punjabi doesn't relate to any religion .
Punjabiya ne apni image ap khrab kiti hai ede ch kise nu apa dosh ni de sakde

April 2, 2012, Brampton – International student of Indian origin from Gurdaspur district in Punjab succumbed to injuries in a fatal car accident that took place at the intersection of Bovaird and Torbram in Brampton.

Jagbeer Singh Saini, a 27 year-old International student who recently finished his Business Management studies from Humber College, died on the stop of major collision. While his friend, Prashant Panwar a 25 year-old Brampton man, is currently in critical condition. Another passenger received non-life threatening injuries and was transported to a local hospital.

The driver of the colliding car 2011 GMC suffered non-life threatening injuries and was taken to local hospital.

The major collision took place on Sunday, April 1, 2012, at approximately 2:00 a.m., the victim was a passenger in a 2000 Audi A6Q which was travelling southbound Torbram Road, in Brampton. The vehicle was being driven by another resident of Brampton. When the vehicle entered the intersection of Bovaird Road, it violently collided with another vehicle described as 2011 GMC Acadia, operated by a 42 year-old Brampton man which was eastbound on Bovaird Road. The collision was within the intersection of Bovaird and Torbram.

The driver of the Audi, Prashant Panwar a 25 year-old Brampton man has been charged with Impaired Operation of a Motor Vehicle Causing Death, and two counts of Impaired Operation Causing Bodily Harm. Panwar’s court date has not been set as he is currently in critical condition in a Toronto area trauma centre.

“Jagbeer never drank alcohol in past two years of stay with us as our room-mate. It was sheer misfortune that he met this fate,” shared remorseful Sunny and Navjot, room-mates of two years with Jagbeer Singh Saini.

Funds are required for sending the corpse to native town Gurdaspur, Punjab, India. Total cost of this will be around $11000. Jagbeer’s family’s economic condition is not strong enough to arrange for such funds in limited time. Therefore, Jagbeer’s friends have requested community members and specially youth to donate generously to facilitate this transfer.

Please donate as per your convenience at three available options as follows:
• Direct deposit to: Jagbeer Singh Saini In Trust, T.D. Bank Account no. 2124-5249154; Transit no. 21242. Inst. No. 004.

• In person donation boxes at
- Uppal Travels at 2907 Derry Rd E, Mississauga – contact no, 905- 676-8200
 -Rexdale Gurudwara

• Jagbeer’s friends can be contacted at :
• 647 825 3002 for Sunny and
• 647 532 4280 for Navjot