The Punjab region was a region straddling India and Afghanistan. The following modern day political divisions made up the historical Sikh Empire:

    * Punjab region till Multan in south
          o Punjab, India
          o Punjab, Pakistan
          o Haryana, India.
          o Himachal Pradesh, India

    * Kashmir, conquered in 1818, India/Pakistan/China[17][18]
          o Jammu, India
          o Gilgit, Northern Areas, Pakistan (Occupied from 1842–1846)[19]
    * Khyber Pass, Afghanistan/Pakistan[20]
          o Peshawar, Pakistan[21] (taken in 1818, retaken in 1834)
          o North-West Frontier Province and FATA, Pakistan (documented from Hazara (taken in 1818, again in 1836) to Bannu)[22]
    * Parts of Western Tibet (1841), China[23]

Jamrud, Khyber Agency District was the westernmost limit of the Sikh Empire. The westward expansion was stopped in the Battle of Jamrud, in which the Afghans managed to kill prominent Sikh general Hari Singh Nalwa in an offensive, though the Sikhs successfully held their position at their Jamrud fort.